SOF NSO

Verbal Reasoning

Word-based analogy, classification and word formation problems.

Non-Verbal Reasoning

Figure-based pattern, analogy, classification and series problems.

Series Completion

Number, alphabet and figural series — find the missing or next term.

Analogy

Word, number and figural analogy with a common relation.

Coding-Decoding

Letter-letter, letter-number and substitution coding patterns.

Mathematical Operations

Substitute symbols/operators and apply BODMAS to evaluate expressions.

Alphabet Test

Position of letters, alphabet rearrangement and letter-distance problems.

Ranking and Order

Linear arrangement and rank from top/bottom problems.

Blood Relations

Family-tree and pointing-style relationship problems.

Direction Sense

Compass-based movement, shortest distance and final direction.

Missing Characters

Find the missing number/letter inside a matrix or pattern.

Embedded Figures

Identify a smaller figure hidden in a complex figure.

Mirror and Water Images

Mirror and water reflection of letters, numbers and figures.

Paper Folding and Cutting

Predict the appearance of paper after folding, cutting and unfolding.

Cubes and Dice

Cube colouring, opposite faces, dice and counting cubes problems.

Figure Matrix and Patterns

3×3 figure matrices and odd-figure-out problems.

Matter in Our Surroundings

States of matter, change of state, evaporation, latent heat and diffusion.

Is Matter Around Us Pure

Mixtures, solutions, suspensions, colloids and methods of separation.

Atoms and Molecules

Laws of chemical combination, atomic and molecular masses, mole concept.

Structure of the Atom

Sub-atomic particles, Thomson, Rutherford, Bohr models, isotopes and isobars.

Motion

Distance, displacement, velocity, acceleration and equations of motion.

Force and Laws of Motion

Newton's three laws, inertia, momentum and conservation of momentum.

Gravitation

Universal law of gravitation, free fall, mass vs weight, thrust and pressure.

Work and Energy

Work, kinetic and potential energy, conservation of energy and power.

Sound

Production, propagation, characteristics, reflection of sound and echo.

The Fundamental Unit of Life

Cell structure, organelles, prokaryotic vs eukaryotic cells.

Tissues

Plant tissues (meristematic, permanent) and animal tissues (epithelial, connective, muscular, nervous).

Diversity in Living Organisms

Five-kingdom classification and hierarchy of categories.

Why Do We Fall Ill

Health, disease, infectious vs non-infectious diseases and immunization.

Natural Resources

Air, water, soil, biogeochemical cycles and ozone layer.

Improvement in Food Resources

Crop production, animal husbandry and sustainable agriculture.

Chemical Reactions and Equations (Class 10)

Types of reactions, balancing equations, oxidation and reduction.

Acids, Bases and Salts (Class 10)

pH scale, indicators, properties and important salts.

Metals and Non-metals (Class 10)

Physical and chemical properties, reactivity series, corrosion.

Life Processes (Class 10)

Nutrition, respiration, transportation and excretion in plants and animals.

Electricity (Class 10)

Ohm's law, resistance, series/parallel circuits and electric power.

Magnetic Effects of Current (Class 10)

Magnetic field, solenoid, electromagnetic induction and AC/DC generator.

Light — Reflection and Refraction (Class 10)

Mirrors, lenses, refractive index and lens formula.

Our Environment (Class 10)

Ecosystem, food chains, ozone depletion and waste management.

Higher Order Science Application

HOTS questions applying concepts from the Science section to novel scenarios.

Experimental and Lab Skills

Predicting outcomes of experiments and interpreting lab observations.

Data and Graph Analysis

Reading and inferring from tables, charts and scientific graphs.

Problem Solving

Multi-step numerical and conceptual problems blending two or more topics.

Real-World Applications

Contextual questions linking science concepts to everyday phenomena.